The airglow continuum in the near infrared is a challenge to quantify due to
its faintness, and the grating scattered light from atmospheric hydroxyl (OH)
emission lines. Despite its faintness, the airglow continuum sets the
fundamental limits for ground-based spectroscopy of faint targets, and makes
the difference between ground and space-based observation in the interline
regions between atmospheric emission lines. We aim to quantify the level of
airglow continuum radiance in the VIS -- NIR wavelength range observable with
silicon photodetectors for the site Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in
a way that our measurement will not be biased by the grating scattered light.
We aim to do this by measuring the airglow continuum radiance with a minimal
and controlled contamination from the broad instrumental scattering wings
caused by the bright atmospheric OH lines. We measure the airglow continuum
radiance with longslit
λ/Δλ∼4000 spectrograph in
∼100\r{A} wide narrow band passes centered at 6720, 7700, 8700 and
10500\r{A} (in line with the R, I, and Z broadbands) with the 2.5-meter Nordic
Optical Telescope under photometric dark sky conditions. The bandpasses are
chosen to be as clean as possible from atmospheric absorption and the OH line
emission keeping the radiation reaching the grating surface at minimum. We
observe the zenith equivalent airglow continuum to be 22.5mag/arcsec2 at
6720\r{A} band, and 22mag/arcsec2 at 8700\r{A}. We derive upper limits of
22mag/arcsec2 at 7700\r{A} due to difficulty to find a clean part of spectrum
for measurement, and 20.8mag/arcsec2 at 10500\r{A} due to low system
sensitivity. Within measurement errors and the natural variability expected for
the airglow emission our results for the Observatorio del Roque de los
Muchachos are comparable to values reported for other major observatory sites.
(abridged)