Christian Doppler Laboratory ATHENA
Due to the soaring popularity of video applications and the consequent rise in video traffic on the Internet, technologies like HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) are crucial for delivering high Quality of Experience (QoE) to consumers. HAS technology enables video players on consumer devices to enhance viewer engagement by dynamically adapting video content quality based on network conditions. This is especially relevant for consumer electronics as it ensures an optimized viewing experience across a variety of devices, from smartphones to smart TVs. This paper introduces REVISION, an efficient roadmap designed to enhance adaptive video streaming, a core feature of modern consumer electronics. The REVISION optimization triangle highlights three essential aspects for improving streaming: Objective, Input Space, and Action Domain. Additionally, REVISION proposes a novel layer-based architecture tailored to refine video streaming systems, comprising Application, Control and Management, and Resource layers. Each layer is designed to optimize different components of the streaming process, which is directly linked to the performance and efficiency of consumer devices. By adopting the principles of the REVISION, manufacturers and developers can significantly improve the streaming capabilities of consumer electronics, thereby enriching the consumer's multimedia experience and accommodating the increasing demand for high-quality, real-time video content. This approach addresses the complexities of today's diverse video streaming ecosystem and paves the way for future advancements in consumer technology.
In response to the growing demand for high-quality videos, Versatile Video Coding (VVC) was released in 2020, building on the hybrid coding architecture of its predecessor, HEVC, achieving about 50% bitrate reduction for the same visual quality. It introduces more flexible block partitioning, enhancing compression efficiency at the cost of increased encoding complexity. To make efficient use of VVC in practical applications, optimization is essential. VVenC, an optimized open-source VVC encoder, introduces multiple presets to address the trade-off between compression efficiency and encoder complexity. Although an optimized set of encoding tools has been selected for each preset, the rate-distortion (RD) search space in the encoder presets still poses a challenge for efficient encoder implementations. In this paper, we propose Early Termination using Reference Frames (ETRF), which improves the trade-off between encoding efficiency and time complexity and positions itself as a new preset between medium and fast presets. The CTU partitioning map of the reference frames in lower temporal layers is employed to accelerate the encoding of frames in higher temporal layers. The results show a reduction in the encoding time of around 21% compared to the medium preset. Specifically, for videos with high spatial and temporal complexities, which typically require longer encoding times, the proposed method achieves a better trade-off between bitrate savings and encoding time compared to the fast preset.
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