One of the prime problems of computer science and machine learning is to extract information efficiently from large-scale, heterogeneous data. Text data, with its syntax, semantics, and even hidden information content, possesses an exceptional place among the data types in concern. The processing of the text data requires embedding, a method of translating the content of the text to numeric vectors. A correct embedding algorithm is the starting point for obtaining the full information content of the text data. In this work, a new text embedding approach, namely the Guided Transition Probability Matrix (GTPM) model is proposed. The model uses the graph structure of sentences to capture different types of information from text data, such as syntactic, semantic, and hidden content. Using random walks on a weighted word graph, GTPM calculates transition probabilities to derive text embedding vectors. The proposed method is tested with real-world data sets and eight well-known and successful embedding algorithms. GTPM shows significantly better classification performance for binary and multi-class datasets than well-known algorithms. Additionally, the proposed method demonstrates superior robustness, maintaining performance with limited (only $10\%$) training data, showing an $8\%$ decline compared to $15-20\%$ for baseline methods.

This work aims at a systematic investigations of the pairing properties and Fermi properties from the proton drip-line to the neutron drip-line. In order to provide more accurate mass formula with skyrme SKI3 force, the global descriptive power of the SKI3-HFB model for pairing properties are made in this study. Systematic Skyrme SKI3-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations with a mixed volume-surface pairing force are carried out to study the ground-state neutron and proton pairing gap, neutron and proton pairing energy and neutron and proton Fermi energy for about 2095 even-even nuclei ranging from $2\le{Z}\le110$ to $2\le{N}\le236$. The calculated results of neutron and proton pairing gap are compared with experimental data using the difference-point formulas $\Delta^{(3)}, \Delta^{(4)}$ and $\Delta^{(5)}$, and also compared with the neutron and proton pairing gap of Lipkin-Nogami model. It is shown that the Skyrme-SKI3 functional with the mixed volume-surface pairing force can be successfully used for describing the ground-state pairing and Fermi properties of the investigated nuclei, in particularly the neutron-rich nuclei and the exotic nuclei near the neutron drip-line. On the other hand, the calculated neutron and proton pairing gap are in good agreement with the available experimental values of the neutron and proton pairing gap of the difference-point formulas $\Delta^{(3)}, \Delta^{(4)}$ and $\Delta^{(5)}$ and with the data of Lipkin-Nogami model over the whole nuclear chart.

The study was carried out during 2017 to 2019 growing seasons at four locations in Sulaimani governorate and one location in Halabja governorate, in the Iraqi Kurdistan region including SH, M, Q, B and H. A huge number almond trees were observed for all locations, among them 38 trees were selected with the best morphological characteristics which were chosen 9,3,5,7 and 14 trees depending on the locations, respectively. A simple experiment was conducted using RCBD for this experiment and means was separated by Duncans test. In order to evaluate their tolerances to drought in glass house, an experiment was conducted at Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, that seeds were taken from those genotype trees and stratified then sown in pots. A factorial RCBD experiment was used with two factors genotypes and irrigation intervals. Therefore, thirty eight seedling genotypes grown in pots under glasshouse condition were exposed to three irrigation intervals 10,20 and 40 days after 10 days from seedling emergence. Therefore, the number of treatment combinations was 114 seedlings for each replicate and with a total 342 seedlings for the whole experiment. Analysis of variance was carried out and the means were compared according to LSD 0.05. As a result of the study, the seedlings showed different levels of adaptation to drought that can be used to future breeding programs as rootstocks. The objectives of this study were to identify morphological, phytochemical and genetic diversity with relatedness among the most important almond genotypes in Sulaimani Region which related to drought tolerance to and relationship between morphological, biochemical and molecular data.

This study was carried out to estimate the effect of organic fertilizer and Nano Calcium spray on the growth, yield, and storage of fig fruits cv. Waziri. It was conducted in the village of Kani Sard in the Sharbazhir district near the Sitak area. This is about 35 km northeast of the center of Sulaymaniyah. This study was conducted at 54 plants with three-year-old fig trees cultivated using the cordon method during the 2024 growth season. The controlled environment of the plastic house enabled a precise evaluation of how different fertilizer treatments affected plant development, fruit traits, and post-storage fruit quality. A randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D.) factorial laid out within two main factors: Bio Health fertilizer applied at three levels (0, 15, and 30 g tree-1) and Nano Calcium applied at three concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mg L-1). The Bio Health fertilizer was applied to the plant in the soil, and Nano Calcium as the foliage with a 16-liter backpack sprayer until completely wet. The fertilizer was supplied in two batches during the growing season, with sprayed in three batches, including the first added (16/4/2024) and the second on (16/5/2024), and the first spraying after a week of fruit holding (25/5/2024). The second spray was after 15 days of the first one, and the third after 15 days of the second spraying. The study reached the following results.