Inspired by approaches based on the stochastic generalized uncertainty principle, we propose a Lindblad equation derived from the quantization of a stochastic modified dispersion relation in a Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) scenario. This framework enables us to investigate decoherence effects in a system of particles exhibiting gravitationally induced entanglement. We analyze the impact of LIV on entanglement (quantified by concurrence) considering systematic and stochastic effects.

This work aims to explore the gravitational consequences of a recently proposed black hole solution presented in the literature [Phys. Dark Univ. 50 (2025) 102061]. We initiate our analyzes by taking into account the horizon structure, focusing on both the event and Cauchy horizons. Subsequently, we examine the quasinormal modes by considering all types of perturbations -- scalar, vector, tensor, and spinorial. To strengthen these results, we also compute the time-domain for each perturbation. Next, we turn to the study of optical properties of the black hole. In particular, we investigate null geodesics, the photon sphere and its stability, as well as the corresponding black hole shadows. Following this, we analyze gravitational lensing phenomena in two regimes: the weak-field limit, utilizing the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, and the strong deflection limit, employing Tsukamoto's approach. In addition, we confront the lensing observables with Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) data for $Sgr A^{*}$ and $M87^{*}$. Finally, constraints on the parameter $\xi$ -- which is introduced by higher-order curvature-scalar gravity, thereby differing from the Schwarzschild solution -- are estimated using Solar System measurements such as the precession of Mercury's orbit, gravitational light bending, and time delay (or Shapiro effect).

Accurate breast MRI lesion detection is critical for early cancer diagnosis, especially in high-risk populations. We present a classification pipeline that adapts a pretrained foundation model, the Medical Slice Transformer (MST), for breast lesion classification using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). Leveraging DINOv2-based self-supervised pretraining, MST generates robust per-slice feature embeddings, which are then used to train a Kolmogorov--Arnold Network (KAN) classifier. The KAN provides a flexible and interpretable alternative to conventional convolutional networks by enabling localized nonlinear transformations via adaptive B-spline activations. This enhances the model's ability to differentiate benign from malignant lesions in imbalanced and heterogeneous clinical datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the MST+KAN pipeline outperforms the baseline MST classifier, achieving AUC = 0.80 \pm 0.02 while preserving interpretability through attention-based heatmaps. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of combining foundation model embeddings with advanced classification strategies for building robust and generalizable breast MRI analysis tools.

This work investigates the impact of time rescaling on the performance of Feedback Quantum Algorithms (FQA) and their variant for optimization tasks, FALQON. We introduce TR-FQA and TR-FALQON, time-rescaled versions of FQA and FALQON, respectively. The method is applied to two representative problems: the MaxCut combinatorial optimization problem and ground-state preparation in the ANNNI quantum many-body model. The results show that TR-FALQON accelerates convergence to the optimal solution in the early layers of the circuit, significantly outperforming its standard counterpart in shallow-depth regimes. In the context of state preparation, TR-FQA demonstrates superior convergence, reducing the required circuit depth by several hundred layers. These findings highlight the potential of time rescaling as a strategy to enhance algorithmic performance on near-term quantum devices.

In this work, we propose a new black hole solution, namely, a Hayward-like metric incorporating corrections due to non-commutativity. We begin by deriving this solution using the non-commutative gauge theory framework. The general properties of the metric are then analyzed, including the event horizon structure and the Kretschmann scalar. Analogous to the standard Hayward solution, the modified black hole remains regular, provided that additional conditions must be satisfied, specifically $\theta \in \mathbb{R} \setminus \left\{ \frac{\pi}{2} + n\pi \;\middle|\; n \in \mathbb{Z} \right\}$. Next, we examine the thermodynamic properties, computing the Hawking temperature, entropy, and heat capacity. The temperature profile suggests the existence of a remnant mass when $T^{(\Theta,l)} \to 0$. Quantum radiation is analyzed by considering both bosonic and fermionic particle modes, with an estimation of the particle creation density provided for each case. The effective potential is evaluated perturbatively to accomplish the analysis of quasinormal modes and the time-domain response for scalar perturbations. The study of null geodesics is explored to enable the characterization of the photon sphere and black hole shadows. Additionally, constraints on the shadows are estimated based on EHT (Event Horizon Telescope) data. Furthermore, the Gaussian curvature is determined to assess the stability of critical orbits, followed by an analysis of gravitational lensing using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. Finally, the constraints (bounds) on the parameters $\Theta$ (non-commutativity) and $l$ (``Hayward parameter'') are derived based on solar system tests, including the perihelion precession of Mercury, light deflection, and the Shapiro time delay effect.

This work aims to explore the gravitational consequences of a recently proposed black hole solution presented in the literature [Phys. Dark Univ. 50 (2025) 102061]. We initiate our analyzes by taking into account the horizon structure, focusing on both the event and Cauchy horizons. Subsequently, we examine the quasinormal modes by considering all types of perturbations -- scalar, vector, tensor, and spinorial. To strengthen these results, we also compute the time-domain for each perturbation. Next, we turn to the study of optical properties of the black hole. In particular, we investigate null geodesics, the photon sphere and its stability, as well as the corresponding black hole shadows. Following this, we analyze gravitational lensing phenomena in two regimes: the weak-field limit, utilizing the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, and the strong deflection limit, employing Tsukamoto's approach. In addition, we confront the lensing observables with Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) data for $Sgr A^{*}$ and $M87^{*}$. Finally, constraints on the parameter $\xi$ -- which is introduced by higher-order curvature-scalar gravity, thereby differing from the Schwarzschild solution -- are estimated using Solar System measurements such as the precession of Mercury's orbit, gravitational light bending, and time delay (or Shapiro effect).

We analyze the effect of Planck-scale modified radiation equation of state on the Reissner-Nodström-anti-de Sitter black hole inspired by Kiselev's ansatz. Deformed thermodynamic quantities are found, phase transitions and black holes as heat engines are described for the Carnot and square cycles. Non-trivial differences between linear and quadratic Planck-scale corrections are discussed in detail.

We investigate the emergence of quantum coherence and quantum correlations in a two-particle system with deformed symmetries arising from the quantum nature of spacetime. We demonstrate that the deformation of energy-momentum composition induces a momentum-dependent interaction that counteracts the decoherence effects described by the Lindblad equation in quantum spacetime. This interplay leads to the formation of coherence, entanglement and other correlations, which we quantify using concurrence, the $l_1$-norm of coherence, quantum discord and Local Quantum Fisher Information. Our analysis reveals that while the openness of quantum spacetime ultimately degrades entanglement, it also facilitates the creation and preservation of both classical and quantum correlations.

A prominent effective description of particles interacting with the quantum properties of gravity is through modifications of the general relativistic dispersion relation. Such modified dispersion relations lead to modifications in the relativistic time dilation. A perfect probe for this effect, which goes with the particle energy cubed $E^3$ over the quantum gravity scale $E_{\text{QG}}$ and the square of the particle mass $M^2$ would be a very light unstable particle for which one can detect the lifetime in the laboratory as a function of its energy to very high precision. In this article we conjecture that a muon collider or accelerator would be a perfect tool to investigate the existence of an anomalous time dilation, and with it the fundamental structure of spacetime at the Planck scale.

This letter extends previous findings on the modified Schrödinger evolution inspired by quantum gravity phenomenology. By establishing a connection between this approach and fractional quantum mechanics, we provide insights into a potential deep infrared regime of quantum gravity, characterized by the emergence of fractal dimensions, similar to behaviors observed in the deep ultraviolet regime. Additionally, we explore the experimental investigations of this regime using Bose-Einstein condensates. Notably, our analysis reveals a direct implication of this analogy: general experiments probing fractional quantum mechanics may serve as equivalent models of quantum gravity. We identify instances of nonlocal behavior in such systems, suggesting an analogous phenomenon of nonlocality in quantum gravity.

Planck scale modified dispersion relations are one way how to capture the influence of quantum gravity on the propagation of fundamental point particles effectively. We derive the time dilation between an observer's or particle's proper time, given by a Finslerian length measure induced from a modified dispersion relation, and a reference laboratory time. To do so, the Finsler length measure for general first order perturbations of the general relativistic dispersion relation is constructed explicitly. From this we then derive the time dilation formula for the $\kappa$-Poincar\'e dispersion relation in several momentum space bases, as well as for modified dispersion relations considered in the context of string theory and loop quantum gravity. Most interestingly we find that the momentum Lorentz factor in the present and future colliders can, in principle, become large enough to constrain the Finsler realization of the $\kappa$-Poincar\'e dispersion relation in the bicrossproduct basis as well as a string theory inspired modified dispersion relation, at Planck scale sensitivity with the help of the muon's lifetime.

This study explores the scattering dynamics of kinks within a nonlinear system governed by a parameterized potential $U_\lambda(\chi)$, examining the distinct behaviors of small and large kinks across a range of $\lambda$ values and initial velocities. For small kinks, we investigate the critical velocity for separation, the influence of vibrational modes, resonance phenomena, and the conditions under which large kinks emerge from collisions. Our findings reveal that the critical velocity exhibits a non-monotonic dependence on the parameter $\lambda$, reflecting the evolving stability of small kinks, while the decreasing frequency of vibrational modes with increasing $\lambda$ diminishes resonance effects, leading to simpler scattering dynamics at higher $\lambda$. The formation of large kinks from small kink collisions is favored at lower $\lambda$, where the mass difference between small and large kinks is reduced. Conversely, large kink scattering consistently results in the production of small kinks, with the number of small kink pairs growing as both $\lambda$ and initial velocity increase, a process driven by energy transfer from the translational modes of large kinks to the potential energy required for small kink creation. The absence of vibrational modes in large kinks contrasts with their presence in small kinks, where such modes give rise to complex phenomena like bion formation and resonance. These results underscore the pivotal role of $\lambda$ in shaping kink interactions and offer valuable insights into the dynamics of topological defects in nonlinear systems, with potential implications for understanding similar phenomena in condensed matter physics and related fields.

Recently, Brevik et al. [Phys. Rev. E 71, 056101 (2005)] adduced arguments against the traditional approach to the thermal Casimir force between real metals and in favor of one of the alternative approaches. The latter assumes zero contribution from the transverse electric mode at zero frequency in qualitative disagreement with unity as given by the thermal quantum field theory for ideal metals. Those authors claim that their approach is consistent with experiments as well as with thermodynamics. We demonstrate that these conclusions are incorrect. We show specifically that their results are contradicted by four recent experiments and also violate the third law of thermodynamics (the Nernst heat theorem).

We investigate the effects of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) on photon interactions, considering both intergalactic propagation (Breit-Wheeler process) and atmospheric interactions (Bethe-Heitler process). By incorporating LIV into the theoretical framework, we analyze how it modifies key quantities such as the cross section, threshold energy, and mean free path of photons traveling through intergalactic space. In addition, we study its impact on extensive air showers initiated by high-energy photons, demonstrating that LIV can alter the cross section of the primary interaction in the atmosphere. Additionally, we also test the photon interactions in the Earth crust, to evaluate if they can induce upward-going showers. Our results highlight the necessity of accounting for both propagation effects in intergalactic space and interactions in the atmosphere when evaluating LIV signatures. Even small deviations from Lorentz invariance can lead to measurable changes in astroparticle propagation and photon dynamics, offering new opportunities to test quantum gravity theories through high-energy astrophysical observations.

We obtain stronger laboratory constraints on the coupling constants of axion-like particles to nucleons from measurements of the normal and lateral Casimir forces between sinusoidally corrugated surfaces of a sphere and a plate. For this purpose, the normal and lateral additional force arising in the experimental configurations due to two-axion exchange between protons and neutrons are calculated. Our constraints following from measurements of the normal and lateral Casimir forces are stronger than the laboratory constraints reported so far for masses of axion-like particles larger than 11eV and 8eV, respectively. A comparison between various laboratory constraints on the coupling constants of axion-like particles to nucleons obtained from the magnetometer measurements, Eotvos- and Cavendish-type experiments, and from the Casimir effect is performed over the wide range of masses of axion-like particles from 10^{-10}eV to 20eV.

A class of new solutions that generalizes the Frolov regular black hole solution is obtained. The generalization is performed by adding the cosmological constant and surrounding the black hole with a fluid of strings. Among these solutions, some preserve the regularity of the original Frolov solution, depending on the values of the parameter $\beta$, which labels the different solutions. A discussion is presented on the features of the solutions with respect to the existence or not of singularities, by examining the Kretschmann scalar, as well as by analysing the behavior of the geodesics concerning their completeness. It is performed some investigations concerning different aspects of thermodynamics, concerning the role played by the parameter associated with the Frolov regular black hole solution, as well as the parameter that codifies the presence of the fluid of strings. These are realized by considering different values of the parameter $\beta$, in particular, for $\beta=- 1/2$, in which case the regularity of the Frolov black hole is preserved. All obtained results closely align with the ones obtained by taking the appropriate particularizations.

We analyze the extended phase space thermodynamics of Kiselev black hole introducing a central charge and allowing the gravitational constant to vary. We also discuss the relation between the chemical potential and the size of the black hole, besides the new description of phase transitions. We obtain as a conclusion that the universality of the central charge does not remain valid in general.

The propagation of nonrelativistic excitations in material media with topological defects can be modeled in terms of an external torsion field modifying the Schroedinger equation. Through a perturbative approach, we find a solution for the wave function which gives corrections in the interference patterns of the order of 0.1 Angstrom, for a possible experimental setup at atomic scales. Finally, we demonstrate how this geometric, but effective, approach can indeed accommodate a probabilistic interpretation of the wave function although the perturbative theory is nonunitary.

We obtain new exact solutions for the gravitational field equations in the context of $f(R,T)$ gravity, thereby obtaining different classes of black holes surrounded by fluids, taking into account some specific values of the parameter of the equations of state, $w$. In order to obtain these solutions in the context of $f(R,T)$ gravity, we consider viable particular choices of the $f(R,T)$. Considering an anisotropic energy-momentum tensor, we write the field equations with the required symmetries for this type of solution. Then, we analyze the conditions of energy in a general way and also for particular values of the parameter $w$ of the equation of state. In addition, thermodynamic quantities, such as Hawking temperature and mass associated to the horizons of solutions, are taken into account in our analysis.

Coviability refers to the multiple socio-ecological arrangements and governance structures under which humans and nature can coexist in functional, fair, and persistent ways. Transitioning to a coviable state in environmentally degraded and socially vulnerable territories is challenging. This paper presents an ongoing French-Brazilian joint research project combining machine learning, agroecology, and social sciences to discover coviability pathways that can be adopted and implemented by local populations in the North-East region of Brazil.